Description
all 3 tropical oceans appelés aussi poissons porc-épic ou poissons hérissons tête large et arrondie, bouche petite et terminale yeux larges, proéminents et "expressifs" qu'ils peuvent bouger indépendamment ouïes = petites fentes verticales well-developed sharp spines covering body body inflatable if feeling of threat, and in some species the spines erect only when the body is inflated (fishbase) 2 types d"épies: les plus petites, sont ancrées par trois racines et sont maintenues dressées, tandis que les plus longues n'ont que deux racines et ne se dressent (dirigées vers l'arrière) que sous l'effet du gonflement (wiki) jaws with 2 fused teeth (parrotlike) ttes nageoires arrondies, unique petite dorsale sans épines très en arrière (// anale) caudale sert de gouvernail pas de pelviennes generally slow-moving, solitaires et benthiq; feed primarily on hard-shelled invertebrates crushed by the beak distinct pairing; fécondation externe, spawning in open water; nonguarders; eggs are pelagic some species are poisonous
WCAtlantiq	WCPacifiq
Identification keys to Diodons

Etymologies		Source
Tetraodontiforme	Greek, tetra = four + Greek, odous = teeth + Latin, forma = shape	fishbase
Diodontidae	Greek, di = two + Greek, odous = tooth, teeth	fishbase



Chilomycterus reticulatus
fishbase / en.wiki / souslesmers / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Spotfin Burrfish / Poisson-hérisson ponctué	Linnaeus, 1758 / LC / ITIS 615844

2016 Playa (Yucatan) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2016 Playa (Yucatan) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Oman ©Field, Richard (via fishesofaustralia)


2019 Raja Ampat by Rickard Zerpe (via Wikimedia Commons)	2017 Socorro (Mxq) ©craigjhowe (via INaturalist)	1996 Hawaii ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)


2009 aquarium (Monaco) by Georges Jansoone (via Wikimedia Commons)	2006 by Izuzuki (via Wikimedia Commons)	by OpenCage (via Wikimedia Commons)


2002 Oman ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)	2018 Canaries by vranken martin (via fishbase)	2009 Canaries by Philippe Guillaume (via Wikimedia Commons)
Circumglobal	Poisson porc-épic ponctué	subtropical
large mouth; gros yeux proéminents et globuleux; few sparse spines; body & nageoires: light grey-browninh avec des points noirs à marron foncé sur le dos et les flancs; qq taches + larges éparses; ventre blc; pelagic juveniles blue in colour with dark spots above, the spots reaching to the belly
20-100m / 30-70cm		deeper in the tropics, diurne, solitaire
Chilomycterus reticulatus




Cyclichthys orbicularis
fishbase / en.wiki / doris / australianmuseum / nomadica / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Birdbeak burrfish / Poisson porc-épic bécard	Bloch, 1785 / NE / ITIS 173400

2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


Lembeh ©Graham Edgar (via fishesofaustralia)	2009 Sulawesi by Jim Greenfield (via fishbase)


2018 Lembeh by Rickard Zerpe (via Wikimedia Commons)	2002 Fahl Island (Oman) ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)	2009 Sulawesi by Jim Greenfield (via fishbase)


2009 Lembeh (Sulawesi) by Bernard Dupont (via Wikimedia Commons) fishbase)	2015 Timor (ID) by Mark Rosenstein (via INaturalist)	2018 Lembeh (Sulawesi) by Rickard Zerpe (via Wikimedia Commons)
Indo-WPacifiq & Red sea	Poisson porc-épic orbiculaire	tropical
brown to grey with blotches and clusters of black spots on back and sides; pelagic juveniles covered with black spots
9-170m / 15-30cm video	dioecism, fécondation externe, nonguarder	in clear protected reefs; nocturne, often in large sponges during the day
Cyclichthys orbicularis

Cyclichthys spilostylus
fishbase / souslesmers / en.wiki / doris / fishesofaustralia / nomadica	Synonymes Spotbase burrfish	Leis & Randall, 1982 / NE / ITIS 646321

2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2009 Bali ©mda (via INaturalist)		2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Nakari (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Nakari (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)		2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


at night, 2011 Red Sea by Derek Keats (via Wikimedia Commons)	2011 Red Sea by Derek Keats (via Wikimedia Commons)	2014 Sinai Red Sea by Tim Sheerman-Chase (via fishbase)


2006 by jon hanson (via Wikimedia Commons)	2000 Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) by Richard Field (via fishbase)	2007 Taba (Egypt) by Photo2222 (via Wikimedia Commons)


2003 Oman ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)	2000 Red Sea ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	2017 Red Sea by Hectonicus (via Wikimedia Commons)
Indo & Pacifiq & Red sea + Méditerranée E (lessepsien)	Poisson hérisson à points jaunes	tropical
fins unspotted; adults light grey with black spots on sides and belly, the spots associated with spine bases; sparse spines on body, no spines on caudal peduncle
3-90m / 34cm video	dioecism, fécondation externe, nonguarder	usually found under ledges during the day; nocturne, solitaire, in coastal waters
Cyclichthys spilostylus

Diodon holocanthus
fishbase / dinosoria / aquaportail / souslesmers / ADW / floridamuseum / fishipedia / monaconatureencyclopedia / doris / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Longspined porcupinefish	Linnaeus, 1758 / LC / ITIS 173392


2016 Cozumel ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2016 Cozumel ©mda (via INaturalist)	2016 Oman ©mda (via INaturalist)


2018 aquarium (Leipzig) by Colling-architektur (via Wikimedia Commons)	2001 Bandar Jissah (Gulf of Oman) ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)	NOAA by Ed Enns (via Wikimedia Commons)


1996 Kerama Islands (Japan) ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	2002 Muscat (Gulf of Oman) by Richard Field (via fishbase)	1991 Florida ©Wizardman (via Wikimedia Commons)


1981 Puerto Rico ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)		2003 Mirbat (Oman) by Richard Field (via fishbase)


2001 Bandar Jissah (Oman) ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)	2012 Hawaii by David R (via INaturalist)	at night, 1996 Kerama Islands (Japan) ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)


2014 Galapagos by Carmelo López Abad (via INaturalist)	2015 NSW (Au) by Erik Schlogl (via INaturalist)	2008 by Nick Hobgood (via Encyclopedia of Life)


2015 Canberra (Au) by John Turnbull (via INaturalist)	2007 Maldives by Ibrahim Iujaz (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2007 by Ed Enns (NOAA) via Wikimedia Commons
circumtropical	Petit diodon	(sub)tropical
dark blotches across back and spots between the blotches; fins without spots; large brown bar above and below each eye; a broad transverse brown bar on occipital region of head; juveniles with spots, particularly prominent on belly;
2-35m (jsq 200m) / 15-30 cm (jsq 50cm)	dioecism, fécondation externe, nonguarder	solitaire, peu farouche
Diodon holocanthus




Diodon hystrix
fishbase / aquaportail / floridamuseum / australianmuseum / sealifecenter / doris / souslesmers / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Spot-fin porcupinefish	Linnaeus, 1758/ LC / ITIS 173391

2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2016 Playa (Yucatan) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2014 Komodo ©mda (via INaturalist)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2016 Playa (Yucatan) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2014 Komodo ©mda (via INaturalist)		2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist)


2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist)	2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2009 Bali ©mda (via INaturalist)	2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)		2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos))


2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via GooglePhotos)		2011 Cayman Is. by Testudo Terrapin (via fishbase)


Lord Howe Island (Au) by Andrew J. Green (via fishesofaustralia)	1997 Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) by Richard Field (via fishbase)	2002 Fahl Islands (Gulf of Oman) by Richard Field (via fishbase)


2007 by Albert Kok (via Wikimedia Commons)		2003 Daymanyat Is. (Gulf of Oman) by Richard Field (via fishbase)
circumtropical	Grand diodon	(sub)tropical
body covered with long, sharp spines, folded backwards when body not inflated; dorsal region of caudal peduncle spiny; back, flanks and fins light brown with numerous dark spots; belly spiny; body grayish tan, with small black spots, but no large dark blotches; belly white, surrounded by dusky ring
3-20m (jsq 50m) / 40cm (jsq 91cm) / 2.8kg / 10ans	dioecism, fécondation externe, openwater, nonguarder	commonly in caves and holes in shallow reefs; solitaire, benthiq, nocturne, peu farouche et calme
Diodon hystrix

Diodon liturosus
fishbase / doris / fr.wiki / aquaportail / monaconature / souslesmers / wikimonde / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Black-blotched porcupinefish	Shaw, 1804/ NE / ITIS 615871

2016 Oman ©mda (via INaturalist)	2010 Maldives ©mda (via INaturalist)	2014 Komodo ©mda (via INaturalist)


2001 Fahl Island (Oman) ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)	2014 Komodo ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2008 Maldives by asands (via Wikimedia Commons)	2006 Komodo by Nick Hobgood (via Wikimedia Commons)	2016 Maldives ©Trevor Meyer (via fishbase)


at night, 1996 Djibouti ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	1995 Batunini (Manado) ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	2001 Fahl Island (Oman) ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)
Indo-Pacifiq & Mer Rouge	Porc-épic à épines courtes	subtropical
fins green; body greenish (lighter in front and belly) several yellow-edged dark blotches on body
<90m / <65cm video	openwater	solitaire, nocturne, hides in caves and ledges during the day
Diodon liturosus

MàJ 13/03/2023