Synodontidae

Lizardfishes

Poissons lézards

Synodontidae

Lizardfishes (Bombay ducks)

Classification
Ostéichthyen Aulopiforme Synodontidae Harpadontinae Saurida Synodontidae Synodus Trachinocephalus
255 espèces / 2 s/familles

Classification

Ostéichthyen

Aulopiforme

Synodontidae

Harpadontinae
Saurida
Synodontidae
Synodus

Trachinocephalus

255 espèces / 2 s/familles

Références web
wetwebmedia fishbase vieoceane specieslist eol	fishesofaustralia en.wiki (Synodontidae) fishbase (Synodontidae) fishbase (Aulopiformes) marinelifephotography

Références web

en.wiki (Synodontidae)

fishbase (Synodontidae)

fishbase (Aulopiformes)

marinelifephotography

Description
typically found in warm, shallow seas, on muddy or sandy bottoms small & elongate cylindrical fish, fuselé et pointu à l'arrière entièrement recouvert d'écailles spineless fins single dorsal fin, short-based and relatively high petite nageoire adipeuse à l'arrière large mouth full of slender sharp teeth (even on the tongue) supramaxilla small forked tail non-hermaphroditic (but one) dioecism, fertilisation external, nonguarders voracious predators solitaires pattern comportant tjs des taches ou bandes ±régulières, ±sombres well-camouflaged to match their surroundings benthiq, posé au fond en appui sur ses nageoires pelviennes, pouncing on prey, able to dive quickly below sand
WCPacifiq	WCAtlantiq
Identification keys to Synodontidae

Etymologies		Source
Aulopiforme	Greek, aulopias= fistula, pipe, flute	fishbase
Synodontidae	Greek, syn = all together, united + Greek, odous = teeth	fishbase
Saurida	Derived from Greek, sauros = lizard	fishbase



Lizardfishes

Synodus intermedius 2005 Curaçao by LASZLO ILYES (via Wikimedia Commons)	2018 Romblon (Ph) by Rickard Zerpe (via Wikimedia Commons)	2014 Wakatobi (ID) by Christian Gloor (via Wikimedia Commons)


Synodus synodus parasité par Nerocila armata, 2009 Canaries by Philippe Guillaume (via Wikimedia Commons)	Synodus intermedius 2004 Virgin Is. by Becky A. Dayhuhh NOAA (via Wikimedia Commons)
Lizardfishes

Saurida gracilis
fishbase / souslesmers / vieoceane / en.wiki / fishesofaustralia / doris / liboupat2 / australianmuseum / nomadica	Synonymes Gracile lizardfish / Anoli grêle / Gracile saury	Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 / LC / ITIS 162413

2014 Tulamben (Bali) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2010 Réunion ©Philippe Bourjon (via Wikimedia Commons)	2011 Okinawa (Japon) by Roberto Marti (via fishbase)	2010 Egypt ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2013 by Izuzuki (via Wikimedia Commons)	2019 Dauin (Ph) © craigjhowe (via INaturalist)	2018 NCal © Harry Rosenthal (via INaturalist)


2009 Bunaken by Bernard DUPONT (via Wikimedia Commons)	eating, 2014 anilao (Ph) by Rickard Zerpe (via Wikimedia Commons)	2013 by Izuzuki (via Wikimedia Commons)
Indo-Pacifiq & Red sea	Poisson lézard grêle	tropical
lèvres externes garnies de dents fines visibles (bouche fermée); argenté avec 2 ou+ bandes ±noires assez larges (the largest just behind the dorsal fin) ±marquées; nageoires rayées de fines bandes noires
1-12m (jsq 135m) / 32cm	dioecism, ovipare, fécondation externe, nonguarder, openwater	benthiq, nocturne, solitaire
Saurida gracilis




Synodus binotatus
fishbase / vieoceane / reeflifesurvey / doris / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Two-spot lizard fish	Schultz, 1953 / LC / ITIS 162384

2018 Réunion by Elisabeth Morcel (via Wikimedia Commons)	Synodus binotatus 2014 Palay by Mark Rosenstein (via Encyclopedia of Life)	Synodus binotatus 2009 Hawaii by Brocken Inaglory (via Encyclopedia of Life)
Indo-Pacifiq	Anoli à deux taches	tropical
une seule rangée de dents fines; argentée à rouille assez variable avec 3 à 4 bandes en forme de selle, de couleur brun sombre à rouille foncée, en arrière de la dorsale; 2 petits points noirs sur l'extrémité du museau; petite membrane en arrière de chaque narine
<10m (jsq 88m) / 10-18cm	nonguarder	solitaire, rests on hard surface, occasionally with a head down position on a steep slope
Synodus binotatus




Synodus dermatogenys
fishbase / souslesmers / en.wiki / doris / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Sand lizardfish / Poisson-lézard de sable / Banded lizardfish	Fowler, 1912 / LC / ITIS 162385

2016 Oman ©mda (via INaturalist)	2016 Oman ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Hawaii by Ken-ichi Ueda (via Encyclopedia of Life)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)		2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2010 Réunion ©Philippe Bourjon (via Wikimedia Commons)	2014 Maldives by Ahmed Abdul Rahman (via Wikimedia Commons)	2011 by Izuzuki (via Wikimedia Commons)


2015 Safaga by Lesley Clements (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2000 Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)	2014 Au by John Turnbull (via Encyclopedia of Life)
Indian SW & Red Sea	Poisson-lézard à ligne bleu	tropical
brownish above, with 7 irregular blackish bars; ligne bleuâtre horizontale parcours ses flancs; exhibits biofluorescence
1-91m / 24cm	courting, dioecism, external fecondation, nonguarders, openwater	solitaire ou en couple, benthiq, frequently buries in sand leaving only eyes and nostrils exposed
Synodus dermatogenys




Synodus indicus
fishbase / en.wiki / eol	Synonymes Indian lizardfish	Day, 1873 / LC / ITIS 162395

2016 Oman ©mda (via INaturalist)	2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)		2005 Oman ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)
Indian-WPacifiq & S-Red Sea	Anoli indien	tropical
dusky pink above, with pale blue-grey blotches and stripes; 2 black streaks at upper edge of operculum; caudal fin yellow; qqx dark blotches along lateral line
20-100m / 12-33cm		on current-prone sand or mud bottoms; usually buries itself in the sand
Synodus indicus




Synodus jaculum
fishbase / australianmuseum / doris / fishesofaustralia / reeflifesurvey	Synonymes Lighthouse lizardfish / Tailspot lizardfish	Russell & Cressey, 1979 / LC / ITIS 162396

2012 Lembeh 2016 Oman ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Lembeh 2016 Oman ©mda (via INaturalist)


2010 by Izuzuki (via Wikimedia Commons)	2006 by Izuzuki (via Wikimedia Commons)	2015 Bali ©Mark Rosenstein (via INaturalist)


1997 Seychelles ©Randall, John E. (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2012 Palau by David R (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2019 Morotai (ID) by Rickard Zerpe (via Wikimedia Commons)
Indo-Pacifiq	Anoli phare	tropical
body light brown above, with complex pattern of stripes and bars (reddish); large black blotch on the caudal peduncle; faint brown spots on dorsal and caudal rays;
2-100m / 10-20cm	dioecism, external fertilization, openwater, nonguarder	solitary or in pairs or in small groups, on sand or rubble near coral heads
Synodus jaculum




Synodus rubromarmoratus
fishbase / reefguide / reeflifesurvey / marinelifephotography / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes	Russell & Cressey, 1979 / LC / ITIS 162401

2019 Philippines ©mda (via INaturalist)	2009 Bunaken by Bernard DUPONT (via Wikimedia Commons)	2019 Dauin (Ph) ©craigjhowe (via INaturalist)


2014 Queensland (Au) ©Nigel Marsh (via INaturalist)	2018 NSW (Au) ©dentrock (via INaturalist)	2018 Mobo (Ph) ©Abner Bucol (via INaturalist)
Indo-West Pacific	Redmarbled lizardfish	tropical
distinctive bright red hourglass (sablier) shaped bars bordered by light blue; Distinct red areas on cheek and top of head behind eyes
5-50m / 20cm		benthiq & sedentary , on sand and rubble bottoms
Synodus rubromarmoratus




Synodus saurus
fishbase / doris / fr.wiki / cotebleue / souslesmers / reeflifesurvey	Synonymes Atlantic lizardfish	Linnaeus, 1758 / LC / ITIS 162380

Italie By Rossella Baldacconi (via Wikimedia Commons)	2009 by Thomas Göttlicher (via Wikimedia Commons)	2011 Greece by Roberto Pillon (via fishbase)


Canaries by Alejandro Moreno (via fishbase)	2013 Canaries by Alejandro Moreno (via Wikimedia Commons)	2009 by ribje-oko (via Wikimedia Commons)
E&W-Atlantic & Méditerranée	Poisson lézard rayé	(sub)tropical
body clairnavec lignes horizontales bleues ou blanches sur le corps; qq taches sombres plus ou moins marquées descendant du dos et formant des barres verticales; yeux verts entourés d'un anneau orange;
<20m (jsq 400m) / 20-40cm	dioecism, fécondation externe, nonguarder, openwater	on sand and sand-rock bottoms
Synodus saurus




Synodus variegatus
fishbase / souslesmers / australianmuseum / vieoceane / nomadica / fishesofaustralia / liboupat2	Synonymes Variegated lizardfish	Lacépède, 1803 / LC / ITIS 162387

2011 Deer Village (Raja Ampat) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2019 Cabilao (Ph) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2016 Oman ©mda (via INaturalist)	2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2019 Cabilao (Ph) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2019 Gato Is. (Ph) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2011 Melissa's Garden (Penemu/Raja Ampat) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2012 by Elias Levy (via Encyclopedia of Life)	1995 Johnston Island (PNG) ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)


2006 Sipadan (Sabah/Borneo) by Jens Petersen (via Wikimedia Commons)	2007 by Photo2222 (via Wikimedia Commons)	2004 St-Crispin's Reef (NE-Au) by Richard Ling (via Wikimedia Commons)


2014 Solomon Is. by Mark Rosenstein (via Encyclopedia of Life)	1997 Gulf of Aqaba ©Randall, John E. (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2015 Ryukyu Is. by Caemelo Lopez Abad (via Encyclopedia of Life)


2016 Fiji by Mark Rosenstein (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2013 by John Turnbull (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2012 by Elias Levy (via Encyclopedia of Life)
Indo-Pacifiq	Poisson-lézard bigarré	tropical
greyish-brown à rouge avec des taches rectangulaires sur les flancs formant une bande latérale intercalées avec des "losanges" reddish; les gros adultes ont un dos bossu
3-60m (jsq 121m) / 30-40cm	dioecism, ovipare, external fertilization, openwater, nonguarder	benthiq, svt pairs
Synodus variegatus




Trachinocephalus trachinus
fishbase / biogeodb / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Trachinocephalus trachinus / Bluntnose lizardfish / Painted grinner	Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 / LC / ITIS 162420

2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	eating, 2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2013 Bitung (Lembeh/Sulawesi) by Mark Rosenstein (via Encyclopedia of Life)


2019 Lembeh by Bernard DUPONT (via Wikimedia Commons)	2020 Lembeh ©kellycarp (via INaturalist)	2013 NSW (Au) ©Tom Davis (via INaturalist)


Trachinocephalus trachinus aquarium (Japon) by Izuzuki (via fishesofaustralia)	Trachinocephalus trachinus Lembeh ©Mark Rosenstein (via fishesofaustralia)	Trachinocephalus trachinus Lembeh by Jack (via Wikimedia Commons)
Atlantiq puis wordwide	Snakefish	tropical
snout very short; mouth very oblique; body with alternating narrow dark-edged pale blue and yellow stripes; oblique black spot at the upper end of the gill opening; eye far forward
3-90m (jsq 400m) / 25-40cm / 7ans	Trachinocephalus myops only occurs in the Atlantic Ocean replaced by Trachinocephalus trachinus	benthiq, Rest on or more often burrow into substrate, leaving eyes exposed; common in estuaries
Trachinocephalus trachinus

MàJ 13/03/2023